Motor Vehicles Act, 1988
MACT Compensation Calculator
Estimate motor accident death compensation under the Pranay Sethi (2017) and Sarla Verma (2009) Supreme Court formula.
MACT Compensation Calculator
Motor Vehicles Act 1988
Pranay Sethi 2017
Sarla Verma 2009
Estimate motor accident death compensation using the Supreme Court formula in Pranay Sethi (2017) and Sarla Verma (2009). Injury cases use different heads. Informational reference only.
Based on Pranay Sethi (2017) SC and Sarla Verma (2009) SC for death cases, and Raj Kumar v. Ajay Kumar (2011) SC for injury/disability cases under the Motor Vehicles Act 1988.
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Multiplier Table Sarla Verma / Pranay Sethi — Supreme Court
| Age | Multiplier | Age | Multiplier |
|---|---|---|---|
| Up to 15 | 15 | 46–50 | 13 |
| 15–25 | 18 | 51–55 | 11 |
| 26–30 | 17 | 56–60 | 9 |
| 31–35 | 16 | 61–65 | 7 |
| 36–40 | 15 | 66–70 | 5 |
| 41–45 | 14 | Above 70 | 4 |
Future Prospects (Addition to Income) National Insurance Co. v. Pranay Sethi (2017) — Supreme Court
| Age of Deceased | Salaried / Permanent Job | Self-Employed / Fixed Income |
|---|---|---|
| Below 40 years | +50% | +40% |
| 40 to 50 years | +30% | +25% |
| 50 to 60 years | +15% | +10% |
| Above 60 years | Nil | Nil |
Deduction for Personal Expenses Sarla Verma v. DTC (2009) — Supreme Court
| Number of Dependent Family Members | Deduction from Income |
|---|---|
| Deceased was married — 2 to 3 dependents | 1/3rd |
| 4 to 6 dependents | 1/4th |
| More than 6 dependents | 1/5th |
| Bachelor / 1 dependent | 1/2 (50%) |
Conventional Heads (Fixed Amounts) Pranay Sethi (2017) — revised +10% every 3 years
| Head | Base Amount (2017) | Revised Amount (used here, 2023 band) |
|---|---|---|
| Loss of Estate | ₹15,000 | ₹18,150 |
| Funeral Expenses | ₹15,000 | ₹18,150 |
| Loss of Consortium (per claimant) | ₹40,000 | ₹48,400 |
The Supreme Court directed in Pranay Sethi that these conventional-head amounts be enhanced by 10% every three years. The revised figures shown reflect the escalation applicable from 2023. Courts may apply a slightly different rounded figure for the relevant year.
How the Compensation is Computed Section 168, Motor Vehicles Act, 1988
| Step | Formula / Basis |
|---|---|
| Monthly income (A) | Net monthly income of the deceased (proved or minimum wages) |
| Add: Future Prospects (B) | As per age & employment type (Pranay Sethi table above) |
| Less: Personal Expenses (C) | As per number of dependents (Sarla Verma table above) |
| Monthly loss of dependency (D) | (A + B) − C |
| Total loss of dependency (F) | D × 12 × Multiplier |
| Total compensation (L) | F + Medical + Consortium + Loss of Estate + Funeral |
| Interest (M) | Simple interest @ rate fixed by Tribunal, from date of filing to date of award (Section 171) |
| Final award | L + M |
Injury / Disability Case Heads Raj Kumar v. Ajay Kumar (2011) — Supreme Court
| Type | Head of Compensation |
|---|---|
| Pecuniary | Loss of future earning capacity = Annual income × (1 + Future Prospects) × Functional Disability % × Multiplier |
| Pecuniary | Medical expenses (actual treatment cost) |
| Pecuniary | Loss of earnings during the period of treatment |
| Pecuniary | Future medical expenses (on medical evidence) |
| Pecuniary | Attendant / nursing charges |
| Pecuniary | Special diet & conveyance |
| Non-Pecuniary | Pain, suffering and trauma |
| Non-Pecuniary | Loss of amenities & loss of marriage prospects |
| Non-Pecuniary | Loss of expectation of life (in serious cases) |
In injury cases there is NO deduction for personal expenses and NO consortium/estate/funeral heads (those apply only to death cases). The key factor is functional disability — the loss of earning capacity for the victim's actual profession, which may differ from the medical/physical disability percentage (Raj Kumar v. Ajay Kumar). For example, loss of a hand may be 100% disabling for a driver but far less for a clerk.
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